Material balance techniques are used to estimate hydrocarbons in place ooip and ogip from measurements of fluid production and the resultant change in reservoir pressure caused by that production. Chapter 3material balance applied to oil reservoirs 3. A good knowledge of average reservoir pressure is essential to determine original gasinplace. Material balance equation an overview sciencedirect topics. The inputs of geometric shape of the deposit, the rock, and fluid properties must be determined from other methods to deal with. Material balance is a fundamental petroleum reservoir engineering tool that can be used to provide an understanding of a reservoir and the influence of any connecting aquifer. Material balance is an important and generally accepted method for estimating original hydrocarbon in place and the evaluation of the reservoir driving. Material balance equation mbe is seen by the reservoir engineers as the basic tool for interpreting and predicting the performance of reservoirs.
Gas reservoir engineering is the branch of reservoir engineering that deals exclusively with reservoirs of nonassociated gas. This technique allows tracking reservoir pressure and fluid characteristics changes as a function of time, providing accurate well and field production forecast and a reserves estimate. Petroleum reservoir engineering, material balance equation calculations mbe by tom blasingame. Nonlinear responses from geopressure reservoirs with or without aquifer influx present special interpretation challenges. Reservoir engineering techniques for forecast, reserves estimation and reservoir behaviour prediction analogues decline curves analysis material balance reservoir simulation reservoir simulation background model purposes model contents vs. Material balance treats a reservoir like a tank, with areal and depth pressure equilibrium. Abstract materialbalance mb analysis for inplace volume estimation in gas reservoirs has been in practice for decades. Dynamic material balance study of gas reservoir using. The material balance can be simplified depending on what type of reservoir we are interested in analyzing. The material balance equation can be simplified, as all the terms for oil production, liquid expansion and rock expansion can be neglected. The key concepts are best learned by problem solving. The material balance provides reservoir engineers a great deal of insight in knowing the initial hydrocarbon in place, how much hydrocarbon can be produced at.
Material balance calculations using the excel spreadsheet. In such systems, the mass balance simply states that everything that was present in the system at some initial time must be there at all later times, albeit perhaps in different forms. They must account for the formation, expansion, and production of solution gas. For many gas reservoirs, a simple material balance equation can be derived on the basis of the following assumptions. The general material balance equation relates the original oil, gas, and water in the reservoir to production volumes and current pressure conditions fluid properties. The applied reservoir engineering blended program represents the core of the petroskills reservoir engineering program and the foundation for all future studies in this subject. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. This new model improves sour gasengineering theory. Material balance was one of the first and is the most widely used technique employed in estimating oil reserves and depletion. Chapter eight the material balance equation mbe the material balance equation mbe has long been recognized as one of the basic tools of reservoir engineers for interpreting and predicting reservoir performance.
In such systems, the mass balance simply states that everything that was present in the system at some initial time must be there at. The material balance equation was derived in order track the production of oil, gas and water. Types of material balance problems first let us look at the types of material balance problems that arise in chemical engineering. Tarek ahmed, in reservoir engineering handbook fifth edition, 2019. The value and the degree of sophistication of such simulators will increase in the years to come. Material balance has long been used in reservoir engineering practice as a simple yet powerful tool to determine the original gas in place g. Material balance notes irven rinard department of chemical. The basic requirements for the application of material balance to a reservoir include. The material balance approach vs reservoir simulation as an. Material balance calculations a general material balance equation that can be applied to all reservoir types was first developed by schilthuis in 1936. Mbe is seen by the reservoir engineers as the basic tool for interpreting and predicting the performance of oil and gas reservoirs. Advanced reservoir engineering offers the practicing engineer and engineering student a full description, with worked examples, of all of the kinds of reservoir engineering topics that the engineer will use in daytoday activities.
The last drive mechanism associated with oil reservoirs is aquifer drive, or water encroachment. In applied petroleum reservoir engineering, third edition, renowned expert ronald e. The material balance is one of the fundamental practice in reservoir engineering and is considered as a reliable estimation of hydrocarbonsinplace. The conventional format of the gas material balance equation is the simple straight line plot of pz vs.
Petroleum engineering practices numerical reservoir simulation uses material balance and fluid flow theory to predict fluid movement through three dimensional space. This technique allows tracking reservoir pressure and fluid characteristics changes as a function of time, providing accurate well and field production forecast and a. The material balance equation is the simplest expression of the conservation of mass in a reservoir. The equation mathematically defines the different producing mechanisms. The material balance provides reservoir engineers a great deal of insight in knowing the initial hydrocarbon in place, how much hydrocarbon can be produced at different pressures, the primary mechanism for reservoir production and the potential usefulness of varying enhanced recovery techniques. Laughlin to reservoir analysis figure 17 although different techniques are used in different. Material balance concept, fundamental flow lecture3. Provide the basic principles of the material balance equation and other governing relationships that can be used to. As time progressed, more soph1sticated material balance med els evolved, each. Although it is a tank model equation, it can provide great insight for the practicing reservoir engineer. For many gas reservoirs, a simple materialbalance equation can be derived on the basis of the following assumptions. Reservoir material balance fundamentals problem 6 a gas condensate reservoir, with an initial pressure of 8,000 psia 55,158 kpa,an estimated dew point pressure of 7,255 psia 49,815 kpaand an average temperature of 215 f 101. The most important development in petroleum engineering during the last decade has been the extensive use of reservoir simulators for simulating complex problems which could not have been solved by conventional material balance methods.
The general material balance equation relates the original oil, gas, and water in the reservoir to production volumes and current pressure conditions. Dec 19, 2014 the material balance equation was derived in order track the production of oil, gas and water. To have such reservoir pressure, the well needs to be shutin for few days to months, resulting in loss of production. Determine where to perforate production and injection wells taking into account degree of pressure communication and impermeable barriers. Numerous engineering practices are covered, ranging from fluid and rock properties to simulation and field development planning. These calculations are also used as a first screening point to determine if sufficient oil remains after waterflooding for application of tertiary recovery. Advanced gas material balance in simplified format ihs markit. Materialbalance equations provide a relationship between original fluids in place, cumulative fluid production, and average reservoir pressure. The prime purpose of reservoir engineering is the formulation of development and production plans that will result in maximum recovery for a given set of economic, environmental and technical constraints. The equation mathematically defines the different producing mechanisms and effectively relates the reservoir fluid and rock expansion to the subsequent fluid withdrawal. Spe disclaims any and all liability for your use of such content. Material balance applied petroleum reservoir engineering.
Flowing material balancefor gas wells flowing at a constant rate. Material balance has long been used in reservoir engineering prac tice as a simple yet powerful tool to determine the original gas in place g. Material balance equations provide a relationship between original fluids in place, cumulative fluid production, and average reservoir pressure. Fundamentals of gas reservoir engineering, volume 23 elsevier. Tpg4150 reservoir recovery techniques 2017 material balance equations department of petroleum engineering and applied geophysics professor jon kleppe norwegian university of science and technology august 21, 2017 6 material balance equation for a closed gas reservoir the material balance equation for a closed gas reservoir is very simple. Material balance has not been replaced by reservoir simulation. Material balance analysis petroleum reservoir gases. The material balance approach to reservoir engineering is covered in detail and. Rrreeesssererervvvoir engoir engoir engininineeeering for.
Mar 06, 2018 material balance relations for gas and compressible liquid system. Material balance calculations using the excel spreadsheet introduction material balance is a fundamental petroleum reservoir engineering tool that can be used to provide an understanding of a reservoir and the influence of any connecting aquifer. Derive the general material balance equation for gas and oil reservoirs. They must account for the reservoir volumes of the produced fluids and the effect of pressure depletion on the oil volume remaining in the reservoir. Material balance calculations for gas reservoirs for a singlephase gas reservoir, the mb equation takes the form. Material balance analysis is an interpretation method used to determine original fluidsinplace ofip based on production and static pressure data. The book begins with an introduction to key terms and an introduction to the history of reservoir engineering. The calculation is most vulnerable to many of its underlying assumptions early in the depletion. Feb 26, 20 petroleum reservoir engineering, material balance equation calculations mbe by tom blasingame. Material balance, is an application of conservation of mass to gain a good understanding of reservoir and production systems which will lead to reliable simulation studies.
In some systems, no material enters or leaves the cv, and the rate of change is not considered important. It will cover the role of reservoir engineers in exploration and production. Material balance archives applied petroleum reservoir. If a reservoir is in contact with a waterbearing aquifer, then as the reservoir pressure declines, the rock and water in the aquifer expand and water is expelled from the aquifer and into the reservoir. This marks the time when reservoir engineering emerged from within petroleum engineering as a recognised science in its own right. Well cover calculating gas in place using the material balance. Be sure to read carefully through all the examples in this chapter. A brief introduction to material balance analysis for reservoir engineering students.
Content is available under copyright 20122020, society of petroleum engineers unless otherwise noted. Content of petrowiki is intended for personal use only and to supplement, not replace, engineering judgment. The technique requires accurate estimates of fluid properties, production volumes, and reservoir pressure. Overall estimates of the amount of inplace and recoverable oil are based mainly on material balance. It is written from start of production to any time t as follows. Introduction classical material balance is one of the fundamental tools of reservoir engineering. Oil and gas reservoir material balance programs using the microsoft excel spreadsheet.
Cbe2124, levicky 1 chapter 4 material balances note. Oil recovery mechanisms and the material balance equation, reservoir engineering handbook, p. Petroleum science and technology a material balance equation for. Apply principles of drive mechanisms, material balance, pressure maintenance, recovery estimating, decline analysis and volumetrics to determine oil reservoir performance.
Material balance calculations for petroleum reservoirs in 1936, schilthuis developed a general material balance equation that can be applied to all reservoir types. The material balance equation calculation is based on changes in reservoir conditions over discrete periods of time during the production history. Jul 04, 2016 the material balance is one of the fundamental practice in reservoir engineering and is considered as a reliable estimation of hydrocarbonsinplace. The material balance approach to reservoir engineering is covered in detail and is applied in turn to each of four types of reservoirs. The material balance approach vs reservoir simulation as.
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